Oil-burner



(No Model.)

W. E. FACER..

OIL BURNER.

Patentedeb. 12, 1889.

'w//vfssfs 77% uw INVENT'OH @0, jfifydff A Harney@ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

wILsON E. FACER, OF CLEVELAND, oI-IIO.

OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,493, dated February 12, 1889.

Application flled November 14, 1887. Serial No. 255,151. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern: y

Be it known that l, WILSON E. FACER, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in oil-burners designed Inore especially for crude hydrocarbon Oil; and it consists in certain features of construction and in combination of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation in section through the center of the burner. Fig. 2 is a plan below line x fr, Fig. l, the same being partly in section. Fig. 8 is a plan of the central portion of the supporting-plate. Fig. 4 is a bottom plan of the central portion of casing B.

A represents a supporting-frame that may be of any suitable form, the top plate of which has an opening,A, for receiving the hollow depending annular flange B of the cupshaped casing B. The latter near the top has an external annular flange, B2, for supporting the top section, B3, of the casing, the latter being preferably of tubular tile or fire-brick. Internal grooves, a, in plate A on opposite sides of opening A, holes b in casing B, and external groove, b', in flange B are for the passage of steam-pipe C and water-pipe D, these pipes being secured by set-screws a. These pipes screw into and support the steamgenerator E, the latter being preferably of about the form shown in Fig. l, in which the hollow cylindrical section E and the concaved bottom E2 are screwed together. Pipe C has an extension, C', that extends tonear the top of the generator. The upper pipe fits inside the lower pipe, so that it may turn therein, Otherwise, owin g to the lateral deflection of the upper pipe and the proximity of the side of the cone, the lower pipe could not be screwed into the bottom plate, E2, of the generator. Pipe C, at the lower end thereof, screws into and supports the lighting-cup F. The latter is provided with a duct, f, leading from pipe C to the discharging-oriiice f, this orice presenting upward and being located centrally relative to the opening inclosed by flange B. The upright and lateral sections of water-pipe` D are connected by an elbowfitting, D', the latter having a valve, d, for controlling the iiow of water through this pipe. The oil-supply pipe Gxscrews into litting G', the latter being provided with valve g and discharging-nozzle g', the jet-orifice of the latter being located over and in close proximity to the steam-discharging orifice f.

H is a deflector, usually made of cast-iron and used only in case it is desired to deflect the heat laterally. The dellector is mounted loosely on a stud or plug, h, the latter screwing into the top of the generator, with a sleeve, h', of sufficient 4length to give the necessary elevation to the deflector. kTwo or three such sleeves, but respectively of different lengths, are usually provided, so that the distance of the deflector above the burner Inay be varied according to circumstances.

Some little pressure of oil and water is required, such as would be had by elevating the oil and water tanks (not shown) perhaps three feet (more or less) above the burner.

In operating the device, first valve g is opened to iill the lighting-cup with oil, after which this valve is closed and the Oil in the lighting-cup is lighted. The products of combustion pass up through the opening in the flange B and impinge the bottom of the steam-generator and envelop the portions of pipes C and D that protrude above the casing and envelop the sides of the generator, so that by the time the oil of the lighting-cup lhas partially burned ont the generator will have been highly heated. Next, by opening valve d a triiie a very limited quantity of water is admitted to the generator, and as this water trickles down the concavity of bottom section, E2, the water is almost instantly converted into steam and in such condition enters pipe C and flows out of the orifice f.

limited quantity of oil, which latter is discharged directly into the steam-jet and substantially at right angles to the latter. The steam-j et instantly atomizes and presumably vaporizes the oil, and this oil product, with Ahe flames from the lighting-cup, results in TOO , mounted on nozzle g.

an intense heat and a large volume of iiame that fills the casing B, so that by the time the oil in the lighting-cup has been exhausted, or soon after, the steam-generator becomes redhot. The latter would indicate that there was no body of water in the steam-generator, but that each drop that came in contact with such red-liet bottom was converted into superheated steam. After the-oil in the lighting-cup is burned out and the steam-generator has become sufficiently heated, valves d and g are manipulated to regulate the supply of water and oil as required; but far better results are had, according to the amount of oil used, where the generator is kept at a red heat. With such practice the steam-generator will intime burn out; but if it is made of malleable cast-iron it can be renewed at a tritling cost. The combustion seems to be perfect, so much so that with a large-sized burner operating for several hours without a iiue and in a closed room no smoke, odor, or condensed vapors were perceptible. With this burner the great amount of heat developed as compared with the small amount of oil consumed induces me to believe that the steam is decomposed by the heat and that the component gases thereof, oxygen and hydrogen, imite and burn with the oil-vapor together with oxygen from the current of airL drawn into the burner by means of the steamjet.

To insure an instantaneous and thorough eommingling of the steam and oil, I provide a small upright conical nozzle, I, integral with and supported by a sleeve, fi, the latter being The lower larger end of nozzle I is directly over and close to oriiicef.

The atomized oil or oil-vapor, whichever it may be, and the steam as they pass through nozzle I are forced into such close relation that they thoroughly and instantaneously commingle. I may add that whatever pressure of steam may be required is had by giving the water-tank the necessary elevation to produce such pressure.

Vhat I claim isl. The combination, with a steam generator, a steam-discharging pipe leading therefrom, and a water-suppl y pipe in open communication therewith, said steam and water pipes forming a rigid support for the generator, of oil-discharging orifice in the line of the steamjet approximately at right angles thereto, and a lighting-cup located below the burner, said cup having a duct therein out of which the discharge-orifice leads, this duct bein g in open communication with the steam-pipe, substantially as set forth.

2. rlhe combination, with a sectional steamgenerator, a water-supply pipe, and a steamdischarge pipe leading in and out of the said generator, of oil-dischargin g ori lice located in line of the steam-jet approximately at right angles thereto, and a lighting-cup attached to and supported by the steam-pipe, said cup having a duet therein in open communication with the steam-pipe and out of which the discharge-orifice leads, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of two witnesses, this 2d day of November, 1837.

wILsoN E. FACER.

"itnesses:

ALBERT E. LYNCH, CHAs. II. DoRER. 

